BiomedGrid

  Adverse Effects of Energy Drinks, a Challenge for Medicine: A Case Report. Abstract In Mexico, an estimate of the monthly average consumption of these drinks was 36,240,000 liters [1]. The use of these products is to increase energy levels during physical activity or exam periods to avoid sleep. Despite the increase in its use, there is ignorance in its consumers about its level of safety in its consumption [2]. Energy drinks (ED) appeared on the market as a mixture of carbohydrates, vitamins, and caffeine. Later, alcohol blends were made for cocktails, so their popularity increased. The high consumption of ED is due to the mental stimulating effect by the high levels of caffeine, taurine and glucuronolactone [3]. The case of a patient is reported who presents jaundice and an abnormal liver function with symptoms of a disease sui generis, after two weeks of consuming ED. He was not diagnosed since the symptoms still represent a challenge for medicine. When the patient stop pending th

  Targeting IL-6 To Calm the Cytokine Release Storm: A Review and Perspective Abstract Importance:  Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or cytokine storms can affect many body systems and potentiate life-threatening respiratory distress. Various etiologies can elicit a CRS response such as SARS-CoV-2 infection (Corona Virus Disease 2019; COVID-19), E-cigarette, and Vaping Associated Lung Injury (EVALI), and immune-related adverse events in patients receiving effector cell therapies or immune checkpoint inhibitors. CRS does not occur in all patients thus managing the condition is a challenge. We explore the treatment of CRS across various scenarios to establish a novel approach based on various immunologic parameters and possible activation of cytokines. Observations:  Maintaining a robust and functional immune system is essential in cancer patients receiving immunotherapies, i.e., cell-based or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). However, cessation of therapy and muting of the immune syste

  Mini review on Malignant Transformation of Benign Parotid Gland Tumors Summary The majority of parotid gland tumors is benign with a vast histologic diversity. But, malignant transformation, even though rare, can occur for almost each histological type. Multiple predictive factors are determined as well as the histologic findings corresponding to the transformation. Through this mini review, we expose the malignant potential of each histological type of benign parotid gland tumors, describing the incidence and the forms of the transformation. The main aim to this mini review is to highlight the importance of always considering the malignant potential of benign parotid tumors in order to provide the best care and the least number of interventions to our patients. Keywords: Benign; Malignant transformation; Parotid gland; Tumours Introduction The majority of parotid gland tumors is benign (80%) with a vast histologic diversity. The treatment often consists of a total excision of the le

  Engineering the Human Microbiome, A Natural Double-Barreled Approach Towards Solving both our Current Antibiotic Resistance and Sepsis Problems Opinion Many of the bacteria that cause life-threatening infection live in very close association with us.  Escherichia coli , for example causes 80% of common community associated urinary tract infections and is also the main cause of serious (blood-stream) infection throughout Europe [1,2]. However,  E. coli  routinely lives as a commensal organism in our gut. In fact, the main source of infection is the human gut. The likely hood of developing one of these infections is dependent on several factors with age playing a pivotal role [3]. Typically, the infection rate increases dramatically with age with peaks in the very young (<1 year-old) and the very old (>70yrs). Another key factor is the type of  E. coli  strain that an individual carries in the gut since the species  E. coli  is composed of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. T