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Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Functional Foods in Times of Pandemic: Mini review

  Functional Foods in Times of Pandemic: Mini review Keywords COVID-19; Pandemic; Health problems; Functional foods; Bioactive compounds Abbreviations:  SARS-Cov-2: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2; PUFAS: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; SFA: Saturated Fatty Acids; MD: Mellitus Diabetes Introduction In 2020, the world was surprised by the attack of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes the acute respiratory syndrome COVID-19, this led to the establishment of social isolation as the main measure to stop contagion, causing an increase in physical inactivity , poor diet and sleep quality, raising health problems that already existed before the pandemic, such as overweight, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and even depression of the immune system [1]. The use of functional foods is considered a good option in times of pandemic. A food can be considered functional if it is shown to have a function, beyond nutritional effects, to improve health status and/ or reduce the ri
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Biomedical Science and Research Journals | BCG Vaccine in Relation To COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality

  BCG Vaccine in Relation To COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) significantly interrupts daily life activities leading to global social and economic disruption. The infected cases and deaths due to COVID-19 are continuously rising. The lower incidence of COVID-19-cases among countries with Bacillus-Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination background raises the possibility that BCG vaccine could be a protective against COVID-19. Here, we studied the prevalence of COVID-19-cases in relation to population received BCG vaccination. The collected data were compared at two different time points for proper validation and execution of appropriate association. Our investigations showed a correlative association between BCG vaccination and the number of COVID-19-cases. The association obtained can be supported by the fact that BCG vaccination is associated with an increase in trained immunity. This c
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Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Post-Intensive Care Syndrome

  Post-Intensive Care Syndrome Introduction The world currently deals with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its clinical form of Coronavirus Disease, first described in 2019 (COVID-19). Millions of patients suffer from dyspnea and low oxygenation, and many require artificial mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure. The most prominent problem is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), a life-threatening gas exchange impairment resulting in hypoxemia, hypercapnia followed by critical tissue hypoxia. The best ventilatory setting in ARDS, reducing the risk of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI) is still a matter of debate in COVID-19. Other issues are the difficulties of diagnosing and treating the microbial super-infection, septic shock, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction (MODS). Intensive care medicine enhanced during the last decades resulting in the short-term outcomes (28day survival) improvement. However, the long-term outcomes, i.e., survivors’ quality of life, stay the sa
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Biomedical Science and Research Journals | The Lysosomal Storage Diseases: A Promising Axis for COVID-19 Future Therapies

  The Lysosomal Storage Diseases: A Promising Axis for COVID-19 Future Therapies Keywords COVID-19; Lysosomal storage disorders; Fabry disease; Glycosphingolipid Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic; it has been officially named) by the WHO in March 2020 [1]. The current coronavirus pandemic is characterized by high contagion and infection rates and higher mortality among patients with some underlying medical conditions, including those with diabetes, high blood pressure, autoimmune diseases… Caring for high-risk populations is an essential part of managing any communicable disease threat. Patients with inherited metabolic diseases (IMD) are known to be disproportionately affected by respiratory diseases and recurrent infections often resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. IMD, like lysosomal storage diseases (LSD), were included in the group of conditions considered to have an extreme
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Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Major Contributions of the University of Wisconsin to Biomedical Science

  Major Contributions of the University of Wisconsin to Biomedical Science Opinion The University of Wisconsin, Madison (UW) is the State University of the State of Wisconsin. It is one of the largest and best-known public universities in the USA with 30,000 undergraduates and 14,000 graduate students. These include many students and visiting scholars from foreign countries. Its research spending is among the top ten universities in the USA. As a former undergraduate, medical student, and faculty member of the UW, I gained a deep appreciation for its many contributions to biologic science and medicine. The individuals that were responsible for these advances are detailed below. Many were my teachers and colleagues. I have divided the individuals responsible for these advances into four categories, The Vitamin Chemists, The Cellular Biologists, The Physician Scientists and The Organization Leaders. The vitamin chemists Harry Steenbock PhD (1886-1967) Professor and Chair of Agricultural
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Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Immunomodulation with Thymalin in the COVID-19 Related Cytokine Storm: Case Reports

  Immunomodulation with Thymalin in the COVID-19 Related Cytokine Storm: Case Reports Abstract Background:  Immunosuppression and “Cytokine storm” in severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) occur almost simultaneously. The elderly persons with COVID-19 are at high risk for uncontrolled cytokine storm and deep immunosuppression. Thymalin, polypeptide medication obtained from the calf thymus may be used in the treatment of severe COVID-19 patients, using immunomodulatory therapy. Case presentation:  Here we present two patients (the first a 72-year-old male and the second a 69-year-old female) with severe COVID-19 related bilateral pneumonia. In both cases we observed the increased levels of acute-phase reactants and an inflammatory biomarker profile with marked lymphopenia, therefore cytokine storm due to COVID-19 was diagnosed. Both patients were first treated with hydroxychloroquine, cefoperazone/sulbactam, and tocilizumab without any clinical benefit; and was then given thymalin treatm
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