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Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Refeeding Syndrome in Historical Perspective: Its First Description by Rodulfus Glaber (1033)

  Refeeding Syndrome in Historical Perspective: Its First Description by Rodulfus Glaber (1033) Abstract The refeeding syndrome refers to a potentially fatal situation hallmarked by sudden death and cardiac decompensation that can occur when a malnourished person is refeeded. Electrolyte disturbances are currently considered to play a role in its pathophysiology. In the absence of laboratory measurements, clinical descriptions of the refeeding syndrome so far date back to the early post world war II period, including anecdotal evidence from victims of the nazi concentration camps. Here we want to draw attention to a medieval description that fulfils the clinical description of the refeeding syndrome by the French monk, Rodolfus Glaber. He writes about people suffering from the Burgundy famine (1033) that “even when they received food, they became distended and died immediately” (fourth book, chapter 4, 13). With this reference to medieval famine, we wish to pay tribute to those who suf

Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Focused Clinic Overview

  Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Focused Clinic Overview Abstract At the end of 2019, a series of COVID-19 related respiratory infections were initially identified in China. After a few months of spreading via human-to-human transmission, it has been rapidly outbreak over 200 countries worldwide, becoming an emergency of primary international concern and posing a severe threat to public health globally. COVID-19 infection can cause clusters of symptoms from mild influenza-like illness to the severe acute respiratory syndrome. A better understanding of clinical symptoms, risk factors, and clinic progression will benefit disease control. This literature review demonstrates the clinical course of COVID-19, including risk factors, clinical presentation, progression and complication. Keywords:  COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Pandemic; Respiratory Tract Infections; Clinical Presentation Abbreviation:  COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019; WHO: World health organization; CDC: Centers for D

Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Gastric Metastasis from Ovarian Carcinoma Revealed by Digestive Hemorrhage: Case Report

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  Gastric Metastasis from Ovarian Carcinoma Revealed by Digestive Hemorrhage: Case Report Abstract Background:  Gastric metastases due to ovarian carcinoma are extremely rare and the patients' prognosis is poor. We report a case of gastric ovarian cancer metastases revealed by gastrosplenic perforation. The secondary gastric tumor appeared seven years after the diagnosis of primary cancer. Case presentation:  The patient is a 71-year-old woman with a serous ovarian cancer hospitalized for asthenia with digestive hemorrhage. At esophagogastroduodenoscopy, a protruding mass was noted at the level of the gastric antrum. She underwent a hemostasis of an endoscopic hemostasis by argon plasma; with effective hemostasis. The final pathology revealed gastric metastases of serous ovarian adenocarcinoma. Weekly gemcitabine chemotherapy was adopted, but the disease progressed rapidly. The patient died 4 months later. Conclusion:  We have reported a case of gastric metastasis of ovarian tumor

Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Why Does Covid-19/SARS-CoV2 Spread all Over the Whole World? Is Migration Bat Wrong or Bird Wrong?

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  Why Does Covid-19/SARS-CoV2 Spread all Over the Whole World? Is Migration Bat Wrong or Bird Wrong? Abstract This type of lung virus infection tends to spread quickly. This virus is a highly contagious disease. Although early analysis of the disease indicated that the virus first appeared in Wuhan, this claim has not been fully confirmed by researchers. COVID-19 may be closely related to the spread of contact between humans and animals. The possibility of the virus is a mutational infection. The host of viruses that are currently believed to infect humans is bats. This is different from the 2002 new type of coronavirus, also known as SARS or atypical pneumonia virus, but it comes from the same SARS-CoV and becomes the 2019 new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). However, novel SARS-CoV2 is from bats migration. The infection is caused by contact between humans and bats, it is worthy of discussion. Keywords:  COVID-19; Novel SARS-coV2; Bats Migration; Mutational Infection Abbreviations:  P

Biomedical Science and Research Journals | A Success Story of Complicated Antipartum Hemorrage and Placenta Previa in ICU Setting

  A Success Story of Complicated Antipartum Hemorrage and Placenta Previa in ICU Setting Abstract Objective : The objective of this publication is to describe how pharmacogenomic testing can help reduce the incidence of ADEs. Summary:  Pharmacogenomic testing identifies genetic variants that help clinicians determine an individual’s expected response to medications. Results from pharmacogenomic testing may provide valuable information on the expected response to a drug while on the other hand, results may also help explain adverse drug events (ADEs), identify patients who may require closer monitoring to avoid ADEs, and avoid specific drugs that are expected to cause ADEs in certain individuals. Many ADEs are believed to have a genetic component. Drugs administered at normal doses may interact with a gene that has a genetic variant affecting the drug’s response. Pharmacogenomic testing can identify genetic variants that encode specific CYP enzymes (e.g., CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CY

Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Utilizing Pharmacogenomics to Reduce Adverse Drug Events

  Utilizing Pharmacogenomics to Reduce Adverse Drug Events Abstract Objective : The objective of this publication is to describe how pharmacogenomic testing can help reduce the incidence of ADEs. Summary:  Pharmacogenomic testing identifies genetic variants that help clinicians determine an individual’s expected response to medications. Results from pharmacogenomic testing may provide valuable information on the expected response to a drug while on the other hand, results may also help explain adverse drug events (ADEs), identify patients who may require closer monitoring to avoid ADEs, and avoid specific drugs that are expected to cause ADEs in certain individuals. Many ADEs are believed to have a genetic component. Drugs administered at normal doses may interact with a gene that has a genetic variant affecting the drug’s response. Pharmacogenomic testing can identify genetic variants that encode specific CYP enzymes (e.g., CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3As). It is estimated that dr

Biomedical Science and Research Journals | Sildenafil Slows Gastric Emptying in Patients with Previously Diagnosed Diabetic Gastroparesis

  Sildenafil Slows Gastric Emptying in Patients with Previously Diagnosed Diabetic Gastroparesis Abstract Objective : Delayed gastric emptying is a common complication of diabetes. Animal studies suggest that inhibition of phosphodiesterase type- 5 receptors with sildenafil improves pyloric nitric oxide availability and reverses gastroparesis in murine models of diabetic gastroparesis. We hypothesized that a single dose of sildenafil would improve gastric emptying in diabetic subjects with gastroparesis. Design:  Thirteen subjects with diabetes and gastroparesis were admitted to the UNM General Clinical Research Center on two occasions at least one week apart. Gastric motility agents were withheld 48 hours prior to study. Overnight glycemia was stabilized with infusion of intravenous insulin. At 0800, subjects ingested either 50 mg of sildenafil or matching placebo in a randomized, double blind, crossover protocol. Gastric emptying was determined using radionuclide scintigraphy followi