BiomedGrid

Purpose: Pain is one of the most common non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and related to disability, while the presence of comorbidity can deteriorate patient’s quality of life. The relationship between pain and comorbidity in PD has not been clearly explored. Understanding pain and patient comorbidity especially stroke and hypertension is crucial in the management of PD. Objectives: This study aimed to report the prevalence and type of pain in patient with PD, and to determine the relationship between each type of pain and comorbidities (stroke and hypertension). Methods: This was a cross sectional study design. Data obtained from questionnaire filled by patients and hospital data registry at Bethesda Hospital, Yogyakarta. Pain was assessed using King’s Parkinson’s Disease Pain Scale (KPPS) questionnaire. Data were analysed descriptively and chi-square test for the pain correlation. Results: Thirty-one PD patients were recruited for this study, and mos...

One of the common algorithms used to reconstruct photoacoustic (PA) images is the non-adaptive Delay- and-Sum (DAS) beamformer. However, the quality of the reconstructed PA images obtained by DAS is not satisfying due to its high level of sidelobes and wide main lobe. In contrast, adaptive beamformers, such as minimum variance (MV), result in an improved image compared to DAS. In this paper, a novel beamforming method, called Double MV (D-MV) is proposed to enhance the image quality compared to the MV. It is shown that there is a summation procedure between the weighted subarrays in the output of the MV beamformer. This summation can be interpreted as the non-adaptive DAS beamformer. It is proposed to replace the existing DAS with the MV algorithm to reduce the contribution of the off-axis signals caused by the DAS beamformer between the weighted subarrays. The numerical results show that the proposed technique improves the full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) and signal-to-n...

As sessile organism plants are exposed to multiple environmental threats. Unlike animals, they lack mobile immune cells. Hence, to safeguard themselves from a range of pathogens, plants come by a multi-tiered innate immune system [ 1 , 2 ]. The first line of defense mechanism is the recognition of the pathogen by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) which are either extracellularly exposed or secreted extremely conserved pathogen- derived molecules [ 1 , 3 ]. This recognition is achieved by a cognate plant cell-surface pattern-recognition receptor (PRR). Once the invading pathogen’s microbial signature ‘PAMP’ is recognized by the PRR, the plant cell initiates signaling cascades via the mitogen- activated protein kinase (MAPK). This first line of the plant defense mechanism is referred to as pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) [ 4 - 8 ]. To view  fulltext  of article:  https://biomedgrid.com/fulltext...

Food processing is any deliberate change in a food that occurs before it’s available for us to eat. It can be as simple as freezing or drying food to preserve nutrients and freshness, or as complex as formulating a frozen meal with the right balance of nutrients and ingredient. This article aimed at review on Knowledge towards food processing and use of technologies. According to a study done in Bangkok on a sample of 150 processed food consumers, most of the respondents have a general knowledge of processed food, but they have a lower knowledge about the hazards of processed food. Historically, the most important reason to process or prepare foods has been to make them last longer before spoiling. In 1980, the USDA Berglund Report was published providing recommendations on organic farming. However, it wasn’t until 1990, with the Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA) that organic farming changed significantly. According to this study, women are more knowledgeable regarding...

Background: Biological tissues normally possess varying rigidities, changes in which may reflect transformation from normal to pathological state. Cancer cells within the tumor are influenced by the mechanical conditions of their microenvironment, which can drive cell fate. Methods: We present a new on-array methodology to mimic and control desired surrounding rigidity in vitro for three-dimensional (3D) breast cancer object formation and growth. 3D objects were generated from single cells within a hydrogel array, cultured under various mechanical conditions and measured at single-object resolution. Results: Alterations in development of 3D breast cancer microtissue under various rigidity conditions in vitro are revealed. Object growth rate, morphology and vital features are associated with the extent of environmental rigidity, the point in time at which embedding was performed and the initial number of seeded cells. Under stiffness that resembles tumor tissue, hi...

Correlative microscopy of cerebellar molecular layer allowed us to image the localization of postsynaptic receptors using a comparative and intermicroscopy study applying transmission electron microscopy (TEM), freeze-etching and direct replicas for transmission electron microscopy (FFTEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) using immunohistochemistry of Synapsin-I and PSD-95, immunohistochemistry of Ca 2+ /calmodulin dependent protein kinase II alpha and immunohistochemistry GluR1 subunits of AMPA receptors alpha. These techniques showed the images of postsynaptic densities of parallel fibers-Purkinje dendritic ramifications containing postsynaptic proteins and glutamate postsynaptic receptors. The freeze-etching replica method for TEM showed the three-dimensional structure and intramembrane morphology of postsynaptic ellipsoidal and spheroid intramembrane particles. Confocal laser scanning microscopy using...

The actual curricula of medical schools and hospitals in cerebral cortical and subcortical dysfunctions, demands through the DSM and other instruments such as immunology, infectiology, endocrinology, imageology and the microbiota which constitutes a big percentage of ourselves, at least in the creation of subspecialties in Neuroscience devoted to the notion that Neuropsychiatric pathology is broader than we think. The relation of our central nervous system with the intestinal nervous system through mainly the vagus, should be studied from macroscopic studies, microscopic and ultrastructure characteristics, functional studies, particularly, the detection of neuropeptides that through blood, blood brain barrier, vagus nerve and lymph reach the central nervous system and modify neurophysiology, and prorogue clinical manifestations of disease mimicking; and broadening the spectra of neuropsychiatric disorders. To view  fulltext  of article:  https://biomedgrid.com/fu...

Conservation agriculture involving zero-till residue management practices with crop diversity of short-duration rainy-season crops may be more viable approach to increase the productivity and resource-use efficiency in semi-arid dryland areas. To identify suitable wheat-based cropping system an experiment was conducted with three preceding rainy-season crops pearlmillet, clusterbean and greengram along with crop residue and Leucaena twigs mulching. Both rainy- and winter-season crops were grown under zero-till along with other recommended package of practices under rainfed conditions during 2010-11 and 2011-12. Grain yield of wheat was significantly higher in 2011-12 than in 2010-11, and with crop residue than no residue. Preceding greengram resulted in significantly higher grain yield of wheat (1.11 t ha -1 in 2010-11, and 2.49 t ha -1 in 2011- 12), followed by that after clusterbean. Greengram with crop residue recorded the highest grain yield of wheat (3.32 t ha -1 ), ...

Deja vu is mostly misunderstood because of preconceived notions. The best observers are teenagers because of their untrammelled powers of observation. They know that it is indeed something seen before because they can recall the dream in which it occurred. The classic Deja vu consists of very trivial events. Yet the fact that it has happened in an earlier dream demonstrates that dreams are the blueprint of waking. Certainly, we confirm this in everyday phrases like, “It’s a dream come true”, or “I never dreamt that this would happen”! In spite of this we often exclaim, “I had a weird dream” without realising that weird harks back to Shakespeare: The Three Weird Sisters, the counterparts of the Three Fates, Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos, thus once again incognisantly confirming that we are all in the hands of fate. To view  fulltext  of article:  https://biomedgrid.com/fulltext/volume1/d%C3%A9j%C3%A0-vu.ID.000511.php For More information:  biomedi...

MNGIE syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects several parts of the body, in particular the digestive system and the nervous system. Almost all people with MNGIE syndrome have gastrointestinal disorder in which gastrointestinal muscles and nerves do not move food efficiently. MNGIE syndrome is caused by the mutation of the TYMP gene, which is based on the long arm of chromosome 22, based on 22q13.33. To view  fulltext  of article:  https://biomedgrid.com/fulltext/volume1/assessment-genetic-mutations-in-gene-tymp-in-indicate-mitochondrial-neuro-gastro-intestinal-encephalopathy-syndrome.ID.000510.php For More information:  biomedical science journals   biomedical open access Journals :  https://biomedgrid.com/ https://biomedgrid.com/volume1-issue1.php