BiomedGrid

                              Primary Transglottic Mucosal Melanoma of the Larynx, a Very Rare Entity Abstract Primary glottic mucosal malignant melanoma of the larynx is a very rare entity with less than 20 cases reported in the literature. The most frequently reported subsite is the supraglottic larynx. The vocal cord as a subsite for primary malignant melanoma is very rare. The present case is a primary transglottic malignant melanoma involving right vocal cord. Mucosal malignant melanoma in the head and neck are historically very aggressive in nature and known for poor outcomes and survival. Most mucosal melanomas described in the literature have been superficial spreading or ulcerative in nature, unlike the present case, in which polypoidal growth was seen with partial dark pigment. Due to the rarity of this entity, every reported case adds to the understanding of its diagnosis and treatment Background The p...

  Impacts of COVID-19 and Nationwide Lockdown on River Ecosystems in Nepal Opinion Since January 2020, the novel virus of corona virus families, COVID-19, has been infecting people across the globe and today 213 countries have confirmed positive cases [1]. COVID-19 has caused a global pandemic with profound impacts on human life, environment, and freshwater biodiversity [2-4]. Corona virus was first diagnosed in Wuhan city of China early this year. World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak as public health emergency of international concern on 30 th  January 2020 and then announced a new name for this disease as COVID-19 on 11thFebruary 2020 [4]. On 11 th  March 2020 declared it as pandemic. In Nepal, a first case was reported on 23 rd  January in 31 years old Nepalese who returned from Wuhan city on9thJanuary 2020. As of June 2020, above 15000 positive cases has been detected from 73 districts out of 77 districts of Nepal [5]. The country went into stric...

  Dark matter Introduction Dark matter (DM) is a structure that materializes, reflects satisfaction in normal matter (NM), and its motivation is to maximize that satisfaction. It thus works against the background of the normal matter (NM) we observed and, whenever possible, it acts on this matter in order to increase satisfaction. Dark matter is nothing mysterious, occurring only against the background of astronomical systems. It has as many levels and forms as we observe and to a certain level we know in NM. E.g. in a democratic society it is parliament, in animals it is cerebrospinal fluid. DM is a system function performed by various group. Experimental Basis The presented work is based on long-term model work, which was performed on the basis of stock markets. The building blocks of the examined model system are companies, where their success is described by the development of stock values. Success is the main parameter of relationships in NM. In systems where the notion of suc...

  Targeting Cancer through NF-Kb Pathway with Selected Natural Products (β-Elemene, Puerarin and Gypenosides) Abstract Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality around the world; therefore, its immediate treatment is very necessary. Natural products (NPs) are considered more effective and less toxic among all therapies. The vital sources of these natural products are medicinal plants. Various studies have reported that the NPs cure cancer through modulation of the NF-kB pathway. Among the NPs, β-Elemene (ELE), Puerarin (Pue) and Gypenosides (Pue) possess potent anti-tumor effect via regulation of NF-kB pathway; therefore we summarize the available studies to provide a baseline for further research on these NPs. Keywords:  Cancer; Natural Products; β-Elemene; Puerarin; Gypenosides Introduction Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality around the world, therefore, its immediate treatment is very necessary [1,2]. Natural products (NPs) are considered more effective an...

  Language Processing in Toddlers with Permanent Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Impairment: A Preliminary Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) Study Abstract Objective:  To evaluate the utility of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in toddlers under sedation (with permanent congenital sensorineural hearing impairment) who are candidates for Cochlear Implantation (CI). Methods:  Infants with normal hearing (NH) and with bilateral (severe to profound) sensorineural hearing impairment (HI) participated in a clinically indicated fMRI study under sedation. All subjects were 9-24 months of age. NH subjects were recruited from the clinical MRI schedule for non-hearing related scan procedures. Results:  NH infants activated language-related brain regions (superior temporal and angular gyri) under sedation. These brain regions are typically activated in older children during similar fMRI language tasks. In contrast to the NH group, the HI group exhibited s...

  A Case Study of Pharmacovigilance in Nigeria: Challenges and Solutions Abstract Pharmacovigilance is concern with the monitoring and examining of drugs to prevent its adverse effect on patients in a given nation. In spite, of the intensive efforts made by the Nigeria government to improve pharmacovigilance little seems to be achieved. This may be due to the challenges faced by the national pharmacovigilance centre (NPC) which range from lack of skilled manpower, lack of sufficient funding among others. Due to these underlining facts, Nigeria government, citizens and health stakeholders often map-out modalities for ensuring effective and efficient pharmacovigilance, but much result have not been achieved as anticipated. It is a consonance with the forgoing that the researcher carried out an investigative approach into the challenges facing pharmacovigilance in Nigeria with solution insight for the challenges. It was recommended among others that, the Nigeria Government should ensu...